Author(s):

Joseph Anna UBON, Monday Isaiah Akpanabiatu, Edet Okon Akpanyung and Usenobong Friday UFOT

Abstract: Cola millenii is a medicinal plant believed to have many agents acting in different ways for the health benefits of humans. This study investigated the acute toxicity, phytochemicals content and the effects on haematological indices, lipid profile, and biomarkers of cardiac and prostate dysfunction. Twenty eight (28) adult male Wistar albino rats weighing 151-195 g were used in four groups of six animals. Group 1 (control) received 0.34 ml of 20% Tween® 80 as placebo, groups 2, 3 and 4, received intraperitoneal injection of 150, 300 and 450 mg/kg body weight of the extract respectively for seven days. The result indicates the presence of alkaloids, terpenes, saponins and cardiac glycosides. Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ was 2645.75 mg/kg body weight. There was significant (p<0.05) dose dependent decrease in CK, CK-MB, LDH-L, AST, ALT and ALP activity of the test groups compared to the control. Equally, PSA, TC, TG and LDL-C decreased significantly compared to the control. Haemoglobin, PCV, and MCV also decreased significantly while HDL-C, testosterone level, platelets count, and GGT activity increased significantly. There were no significant changes in serum 5-alpha reductase as well as RBC, MCH, MCHC, lymphocytes and neutrophils counts. The results suggest that the extract may possess non-cytotoxic, cardio-protective and hepato-protective properties and may be useful in the management of BPH. However, the extract should be used with moderation as it is capable of causing reduction in Hb and PCV.

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