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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Vol. 6, Issue 3 (2017)

Biological activities of Amoora rohituka Roxb. Leaf extracts through dose-mortality, insect repellency, cytotoxicity, larvicidal and antimicrobial assays

Author(s):

Md. Rubel Rana, Nowrin Islam Amin, Abdullah An Naser and Nurul Islam

Abstract:
Biological activities of Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), CHCl3, CH3OH and EtOAc extracts of Amoora rohituka leaf were tested against the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) adults for dose-mortality and insect repellent activity; against eggplant aphid Aphis gossypii Glover for repellent activity; against brine shrimp Artemia salina L. nauplii for cytotoxicity; against larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus Say for larvicidal activity; and against five bacteria and fungi for anti-microbial activity. The dose-mortality observed for Pet. ether, EtOAc and CHCl3 extracts with LD50 values 1.769, 1.049, 0.871 and 0.249mg cm-2; 2.099, 1.047, 0.927 and 0.819mg cm-2; and 2.847, 2.126, 2.053, 1.806mg cm-2 for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure respectively, whereas CH3OH extract did not show any mortality against the adult beetles of T. castaneum. The CHCl3, CH3OH and EtOAc extracts showed promising repellent activity against T. castaneum adults at P<0.001, P<0.01 and P<0.05 levels of significance respectively, while the Pet. ether extract did not show repellent activity at all. Against eggplant aphid CH3OH extract showed strong repellent activity (P<0.001) while EtOAc and CHCl3 extracts were found moderately active (P<0.01) whereas Pet. ether extract did not show any repellency. The similar extracts responded through Brine shrimp lethality assay where CH3OH extract found most effective (LD50 values 1302.933, 343.255, 295.546ppm and 100% mortality observed after 24h exposure) followed by Pet. ether extract (LD50 245.577, 279.807, 89.122 and 39.884ppm), EtOAc extract (LD50 values 3796.668, 224.936, 155.737 and 57.643ppm) and CHCl3 extract (LD50 -, 749.721, 366.104 and 62.413ppm) for 6, 12, 18, and 24h of exposure respectively. In case of larvicidal activity test against 1st instar larvae Culex quinquefasciatus the highest lethality perceived for Pet. ether extract (LC50 340.501, 268.464, 118.579, 53.279 and 33.261ppm) followed by CHCl3 extract (LC50 2605.863, 1045.340, 566.034, 211.233 and 137.335ppm) and EtOAc extract (LD50 551.542, 506.756, 384.259, 239.025 and 162.077ppm) for 6, 12, 18, and 24h exposure respectively; while CH3OH extract did not show any activity. These four extracts were also propitious against five pathogenic bacteria (Agrobacterium sp., Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae and Staphylococcus aureus) at concentrations of 200 and 400μg/disc while a standard Penicillin 30μg/disc and three pathogenic fungi (Aspergillus niger, Candida sp. and Saccharomyces sp.) at concentrations of 50 and 200μg/disc with a standard Nystatin 10μg/disc were also used for comparison. CH3OH extract showed the highest antibacterial activity with the inhibition zone of 19mm and 30mm respectively against E. coli bacteria in comparison to others while EtOAc extracts showed the highest antifungal activity with the inhibition zone of 12mm and 21mm respectively against Candida sp. The results revealed the potentiality of A. rohituka leaf extracts for the control of flour beetles, aphids, mosquito larvae, bacteria and fungi.

Pages: 606-611  |  1499 Views  354 Downloads


Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
How to cite this article:
Md. Rubel Rana, Nowrin Islam Amin, Abdullah An Naser and Nurul Islam. Biological activities of Amoora rohituka Roxb. Leaf extracts through dose-mortality, insect repellency, cytotoxicity, larvicidal and antimicrobial assays. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2017;6(3):606-611.

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