Muzyamba Sidney, Malimba Chileshe, Libbohole Adwell, Mutale Violet, Sililo Wamwita, Kapembwa Maud, Mwai Jere and Kasafu Ilya

In Zambia, the yearly incidence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) is 34 instances per 10,000 people, with men being afflicted nearly twice as often as females. Neisseria gonorrhoea has been reported to have developed chromosomally or plasmid-mediated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) towards most first of line treatment options. In this study aqueous root extracts of Cassia abbreviate, Combretum hereroense Schinz, and Acacia polyacantha were tested individually and in combination for antibacterial activity against Neisseria gonorrhoea strain. Ciprofloxacin, Doxycycline and Floxacin were used as standard drugs.
Neisseria gonorrhea was cultured from a swab sample on chocolate agar first to allow the bacteria to grow in an environment that is optimal and specific for its growth. Additional biochemical testing, such as oxidase testing and gram staining were done to confirm the identity of Neisseria gonorrhea. Disc diffusion and Well methods were used to conduct susceptibility tests.
The results showed that bacterial growth in combined extracts against Neisseria gonorrhoea strain was less than the bacterial growth when individual extracts were used. A combination of C. abbreviate + C. hereroense Schinz + A. polyacantha was most effective (++++), while C. abbreviate + A. polyacantha was effective (+++) whereas C. hereroense Schinz + A. polyacantha was least effective(++) and C. abbreviate + C. hereroense Schinz was not effective (+). The zones of inhibition of 20.75 mm (susceptible), 19 mm and 20 mm were observed using disc diffusion method whereas 21 mm, 15 mm and 19 mm were recorded via the Well method for C. abbreviate, C. hereroense Schinz, and A. polyacantha respectively. These finding support the continued use of medicinal plants to manage Neisseria gonorrhea with a combination of the three plant extracts proving more effective.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i4c.15011

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