Ouitchédé Gilles Danvide, Ménonvè Atindehou, Yann Christie Sissinto Adjovi, Croix Aude Wantchecon, Aurore Dega and Latifou Lagnika

Gastroenteritis is a major cause of mortality in low-income countries, particularly among children under the age of five. Zingiberaceae, recognized for their nutritional and therapeutic values, represent a promising alternative to treat gastroenteritis. The phytochemical composition of extracts of Aframomum melegueta, Curcuma longa, Valley Ginger, Siphonochilus aethiopicus, and Zingiber officinale was investigated by characterization tests, antibacterial activity by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) in microdilution and antioxidant activities by DPPH test. The antimicrobial activity revealed that all extracts were active against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Vibrio spp, and Shigella spp, with the best MIC for Aframomum melegueta, Valley Ginger and Zingiber officinale (0.3125-1.25 mg/mL). The antioxidant activity showed strong potential for Aframomum melegueta, Curcuma longa, and Zingiber officinale, with IC50 values of 21.83 µg/mL, 24.78 µg/mL, and 23.62 µg/mL, respectively. The extracts contain alkaloids, triterpenes, sterols, and flavonoids. In summary, our five Zingiberaceae varieties contain secondary metabolites that inhibit the bacterial strains responsible for gastroenteritis and display antioxidant properties.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i4f.15043

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