Fah Lauris, Dougnon Victorien, Klotoe Jean Robert, Assogba Phénix, Agbodjento Eric, Koudokpon Hornel, Legba Boris, Soha Arnaud, Deguenon Esther, Ayena Césaire, Fabiyi Kafayath and Sintondji Kevin

Diabetes is currently the eighth leading cause of death worldwide. In low-income countries like Benin, the management of this disease includes the use of medicinal plants. Catharanthus roseus and Schwenckia americana are two plants involved in the treatment of diabetes in Benin. Previous data have proven the antidiabetic efficacy of these plants. This study aimed to assess acute oral toxicity and the qualitative phytochemistry of aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts of Catharanthus roseus and Schwenckia americana. The OECD 423 protocol was followed for the acute oral toxicity test. Phytochemical screening was performed using standard staining and precipitation reactions to highlight major phytochemical groups. The extracts were administered orally to Wistar albino rats weighing between 180-200 g at a single dose of 2000 mg/kg/bw. Observation of clinical signs of toxicity (mortality, morbidity, backward walking, hair loss, etc.) and analysis of biochemical, hematological, and histological parameters were carried out. The results indicated no mortality and no clinical signs of toxicity. Furthermore, no significant influence was observed for the hematological and biochemical parameters in the treated groups. Observations of histological sections indicated lesions in the renal and hepatic tissue of rats treated with the aqueous extract of Catharanthus roseus. This study demonstrated the safety of the extracts of these two plants at the tested dose.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i4f.15045

Pages: 505-511  |  102 Views  39 Downloads