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Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry

Vol. 13, Issue 6 (2024)

Pharmacognostic evaluation of Sida cuneifolia apical leaves: Morphological, anatomical, physicochemical, and phytochemical profiling for medicinal potential

Author(s):

Duncan Crispin Sesaazi, Ivan Kambugu, Hannington Gumisiriza and Abdelgadir Alamin Abdelgadir

Abstract:

Sida cuneifolia, a tropical and subtropical weed, is valued in African traditional medicine, yet lacks a thorough pharmacognostic profile. This study evaluated the apical leaves of S. cuneifolia using morphological, microscopic, histochemical, physicochemical, and phytochemical analyses. The shrub’s cuneate leaves (1.5–1.8 cm length, 0.3–0.6 cm width) feature a distinctive notch. Microscopy showed amorphous epidermal cells, stellate trichomes on the adaxial surface, and hypostomatic anomocytic stomata on the abaxial surface. Physicochemical analysis yielded 4.7% dark green extract, an extractive value of 901.3 mg/g, moisture content of 1.233%, and pH of 6.11. Histochemical tests detected tannins, mucilage, inulin, and fatty acids, while phytochemical screening confirmed cardiac glycosides, phenolic acids, gums, mucilage, tannins, and carbohydrates. TLC revealed four bands, and HPLC showed peaks at with Rf of 8.392 and 16.81. These findings support S. cuneifolia’s medicinal use and highlight the need for further compound-specific studies.

Pages: 136-142  |  84 Views  41 Downloads


Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
How to cite this article:
Duncan Crispin Sesaazi, Ivan Kambugu, Hannington Gumisiriza and Abdelgadir Alamin Abdelgadir. Pharmacognostic evaluation of Sida cuneifolia apical leaves: Morphological, anatomical, physicochemical, and phytochemical profiling for medicinal potential. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2024;13(6):136-142. DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i6b.15173

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