Afshan Ashraf and Khadija Rafiq

A large number of commercial soaps contain chemicals that might be harmful to the skin as well as pollute the environment. Herbal soaps contain herbal extracts which offer different properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant. In the present study, an antibacterial herbal soap was synthesized using different concentrations of these plant extracts/oils including Curcuma longa, Azadirachta indica, Ocimum sanctum, Aloe barbadensis, Sapindus mukorossi, Cocos nucifera, Rosa indica, Lavandula angustifolia and Prunus dulcis. The phytochemical analysis revealed that the extracts of C. longa, A. indica, O. sanctum, A. barbadensis, S. mukorossi, C. nucifera, and P. dulcis contain different secondary metabolites such as saponins, carbohydrates, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, protein, glycosides, and steroids. Evaluation of different parameters such as pH (8.7), foam-forming ability (8 cm), foam retention (8 minutes), moisture content (5.3%), weight determination (37 g) and alcohol insoluble matter (15.2%). The antibacterial activity of soap was also confirmed against Escherichia coli.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2025.v14.i1e.15261

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