Author(s):

Sincy Joseph, Lekha Kumar and V Narmatha Bai

Abstract: The antidiabetic effect of hydro alcoholic extract of the leaves of S. cuspidata were investigated in alloxan induced diabetic rats and the bioactive compounds were tested for their antidiabetic potential in vitro by inhibition of α-amylase enzyme. The extract and the standard hypoglycemic drug metformin (250 mg/kg) were dissolved in isotonic saline solution (NaCl, 0.9% w/v) and were administered orally. Diabetes was induced in by a single intraperitoneal injection of 120 mg/kg alloxan monohydrate. Hyperglycemia was confirmed by the elevated glucose levels determined at 72 h after alloxan injection. The rats having blood glucose levels above 200mg/dl were used for the anti diabetic study. The extracts and standard drug were administered orally for 14 days. The fasting blood samples were collected by retro orbital sinus puncture under mild ether anesthesia and serum was separated by centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 15 min. Fasting blood glucose estimation was measured on day 0, 7 and 14 of the study. The results of OGTT reveal that the extract at both the dose levels (150 and 300 mg/kg) cause a significant decrease in the blood glucose level within 60 min after oral administration to normal rats. The extracts produce a significant attenuation (p<0.001) in the blood glucose level at 60 min to 120 min when compared with normal control. The results of the blood glucose level reveal that the extract at both the dose levels (150 and 300 mg/kg) show a significant (p<0.001) time dependent decrease in blood glucose level after oral administration at 7 and 14 days when compared to the diabetic control group. After 14 days of daily treatment with the extract (150 and 300 mg/kg), the results show significant dose-dependent fall in blood sugar levels by 38 and 41%, respectively. These results indicate that hydro alcoholic extract of Strobilanthes cuspidata have favorable effects in bringing down the severity of diabetes. The isolated compounds were tested for their antidiabetic potential in vitro by inhibition of α-amylase enzyme. Total saponins, Lupeol and stigmasterol showed higher alpha amylase inhibitory activity which confirms its antidiabetic potential.

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