Author(s):

Divya KS, Anagha G. Duth and Jyoti Bala Chauhan

Abstract: Phyllanthus niruri is a herb used as a traditional medicine for treatments of jaundice, asthma, hepatitis and malaria. The present study was designed to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial analysis from ethanol and acetone extracts of the plant. Qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, glycosides, polysterols, phenols, tannins, diterpenes and partial presence of alkaloids and carbohydrates. Antioxidant properties were evaluated by accessing DPPH radical scavenging effect (IC₅₀= 66%) for acetone extract and (IC₅₀= 56%) for ethanol extract, metal chelating activity and assaying the reducing power (FRAP) by following standard protocol. Phenol and flavonoid content of the extracts were measured by Folin ciocalteu and Alcl₃ assays. The antimicrobial activity of the extract were tested against the isolates viz., Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp., which were both used as wild and mutated strain for the study. These organisms were isolated from poultry feeds that are divided into four stages of the feed (pre-starter, starter, stalk and finisher) by opting disc diffusion method. The wild strain showed (0.2 mm) activity and mutated strain showed (0.3mm) in ethanolic extract, while the wild strain showed (0.3 mm) and mutated strain showed (0.2 mm) in acetone extract. Chloramphenicol was kept as a standard. The constituent components were separated in HPLC using a solvent system developed with the aid of TLC. The results of the study support the ethano-medical uses of P. niruri and P. niruri as antimicrobial agent.

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