Karanja Leaf â€“A pharmacognostical and phytochemical analysis

VJ Deepthi; Pradeep

Karanja Leaf â€“A pharmacognostical and phytochemical analysis

Author(s):

VJ Deepthi and Pradeep

Abstract:

Background: Karanja is a very important drug which is botanically identified as Pongamia pinnata (Linn.) Pierre. and belongs to Papilionaceae family. It is commonly called as Indian beech in English, Ungu or Pongu in Malayalam and Honge mara in Kannada. Karanja is found almost throughout India, in tidal and beach forests and even cultivated as avenue trees. A medium sized semi evergreen glabrous tree with pale green and imparipinnate leaves. Mainly its seeds are used in case of skin ailments. Even its leaves are said to be having Anti-inflammatory activity, Anti-diarrhoeal Activity, Antioxidant and Anti-hyperammonemic Activity and even anti-bacterial activity. This work is an attempt to compare on the preliminary phytochemical and pharmacognostic parameters of leaves of Karanja with that of the established standardization in API.

Materials and Methods: Pharmacognostical, Analytical study, Thin Layer Chromatography and High Performance Thin layer chromatography were done.

Results: Phytochemical study showed the presence of Alkaloid, Steroid, Carbohydrate, Tannin, Flavonoids, Terpenoid, Coumarins, Phenol and Quinone. The pharmacognostical and analytical studies have confirmed the authenticity and purity of the drug Karanja (Pongamia pinnata (Linn) Pierre).

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