Author(s):

Sushree Sibanee Sardar, Kedareswar Pradhan and Bibhu Santosh Behera

Abstract: In the present study D² analysis was done. The advance breeding lines showed considerable amount of diversity for the morphological traits. On the basis of average D², haulm yield per plant contributed maximum divergence followed by pod yield per plant, kernel yield and kernel number per plant. Shelling percent contributed least divergence. All other characters like plant height, number of branches per plant, harvest index, pod number per plant and hundred kernel weights contributed less to D² estimates. On the basis of critical D² value (60), 36 genotypes were classified into 10 clusters. Four parents of Spanish groundnut released varieties and their 32 cross derivatives in F6 generation were grouped into ten different clusters. This indicated the large diversity existing in the groundnut varieties giving the opportunity for further improvement in groundnut. Thus recent released varieties contain sufficient diversity. Cluster X, IX and III accommodated ten, eight and four genotypes respectively. Rest of the clusters contains two genotypes each. Cluster X was the largest, accommodating as many as 10 genotypes. The clustering pattern of genotypes showed that the genotypes of different origins/parent were clubbed into one cluster whereas the genotypes belonging to same parent or origin were grouped into different clusters indicating that the new genetic recombination increased genetic diversity giving rise to transgressive segregants. Small intra cluster D² value of cluster I, II, IV, V, VI, VII and VIII indicated genotypes within a cluster resemble very close to each other. The genotypes of each cluster belong to same parental origin. Large intra cluster D² value of cluster III, IX and X indicated their less divergence. These three clusters also exhibited large inter cluster distance with rest of the clusters. Maximum inter cluster distance was observed between cluster III and cluster X followed by cluster III and cluster IX. Inter cluster distance is the main criterion for selection of genotypes. In this context the genotypes from cluster III, IX and X could be selected as parents for hybridization. Cluster IX showed lowest number of branches per plant, harvest index, number of pods per plant, kernel number per plant and pod yield per plant while cluster X exhibited highest value for haulm yield per plant and hundred kernel yield per plant. Thus OGZ5 may be selected as best parent for cross with AK 12-24 exhibiting high mean value for yield and yield contributing characters for obtaining better recombinants or may be advanced for use as new improved breeding line.

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