Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry
Vol. 3, Issue 6 (2015)
Phytochemical profile, heavy metals contents and antioxidant activities of an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation
Author(s):
Pawan Kumar, Patchaiappan Pravinkumar, Shabeer Sakkeena Iqbal, Kalathil Sadasivan Pillai, Mathews Michael
Abstract:
The aim of this study was to investigate the phytochemical profile, heavy metal contents and antioxidant activities of an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation (PHF) containing Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Commiphora mukul, Curcuma longa L, Emblica officinalis Gaertn, Garcinia cambogia Gaertn, Gymnema sylvestre Retz, Momordica charantia L, Ocimum sanctum L and Trigonella foenum-graecum L. Total phenolic content, flavonoids and flavonols present in the formulation were determined by standard methods. Antioxidant potential was evaluated using total antioxidant activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2, 2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays. The chemical composition of the formulation was studied using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Heavy metals were analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES). The total phenolic content of the PHF was 232.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g. Total flavonols and total flavonoid contents of the PHF were 180.7 and 135.3 mg quercetin equivalent/g, respectively. The PHF showed a reducing power of 26.8 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g. Total antioxidant capacity was found to be 144.4 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g. The ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of the PHF was 1260.9 (μM Fe (II)/g). The DPPH radical scavenging activity expressed as IC50 value was 2.6 µg/mL for gallic acid and 3.1 µg/mL for the formulation. The levels of heavy metals, such as arsenic, cadmium, chromium, lead and mercury in the PHF were within the World Health Organization (WHO) limits. Out of the eight bioactive compounds identified in the formulation, the major compounds were 10-Octadecenoic acid methyl ester, Octadecanoic acid methyl ester and Hexadecanoic acid methyl ester. The results show that the polyherbal formulation possesses good antioxidant activity and could be a potential candidate for antidiabetic studies.
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Pawan Kumar, Patchaiappan Pravinkumar, Shabeer Sakkeena Iqbal, Kalathil Sadasivan Pillai, Mathews Michael. Phytochemical profile, heavy metals contents and antioxidant activities of an antidiabetic polyherbal formulation. J Pharmacogn Phytochem 2015;3(6):08-16.