Author(s):

Samiul Alim, Nachiketa Bairagi, Sayeed Shahriyar, Md. Masnoon Kabir, Mohammad Habibur Rahman

Abstract: Medicinal plant Bixa orellana L. has been traditionally used in several regions of the world to treat a number of ailment including internal inflammation, gastric ulcer and stomach discomfort. The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro antibacterial activity of Bixa orellana L. against some pathogenic bacterial strains and compare with some standard antibiotics. Methanolic leaf extracts of Bixa orellana L. were analyzed for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria including Gram positive bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Sarcinalutea) and Gram negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysenteriae, Klebsiella pneumonia, Proteus vulgaris) by disc diffusion assay. The zone of inhibition produced by methanolic extracts of Bixa orellana L comparing with standard antibiotics discs showed moderately significant antibacterial activity against almost all of the tested bacterial strains except Salmonella typhi which gave promising clear zone (14mm). The methnolic extract showed significantly remarkable results at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 5 mg/ml against two Gram positive bacteria, B. subtilis, S. lutea and one Gram negative bacteria S. dysenteriae while four other Gram negative bacteria e.g., E. coli, S. typhi, K. pneumonia and P. vulgaris with their MIC value of 10 mg/mL. The study suggests that Bixa orellana L. could be a potential antibacterial agent in future.

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