Author(s):

Ikram Mohamed Eltayeb and Fatima Hashim Mohamed Nari

Abstract:
The three important medicinal plants; Aristolochia bracteolata, Citrullus colocynthis and Salvia officinalis are well known for their use in Sudanese traditional medicine. They are use for the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections mainly that of skin infections. The objective of this study is to screen the ethanolic extracts of these plants, for the presence of different secondary metabolite; and the investigation and comparison of their antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity against the standard microorganisms including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans and against the isolated microorganismscausing skin infections Staphylococcus aureus.The screening for the secondary metabolites was carried out using the standard methods. The antimicrobial activity of the plants extracts against the standard and isolated miccoorganisms were investigated using disk diffusion method; and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were calculated. Their antioxidant activity was evaluated using DDPH radical scavenging assay. The results show that, all three plants contained cardiac glycosides, terpenoids and sterols and none contained anthraquinones, carbohydrates and compound reducing sugars. The highest antimicrobial activity of the extracts was exhibited with C. colocynthis extract against C. albican fungus with inhibition zone of 16 mm. and MIC of 25 mg/ml. The antioxidant activity of A. bracteolata, C. colocynthis, S. officinalis extracts was found to be 48.8±0.04, 11.1±0.16, 82.9±0.02 respectively.

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