Author(s):

Kennedy Ameyaw Baah, Akwasi Acheampong, Isaac Kingsley Amponsah, Yakubu Jibira, Mary Osei Owusu and Lydia Amankwaa Tima

Abstract: Croton penduliflorus is used in folklore medicine for the treatment of dysmenorrhea, fever, wounds, gastro-intestinal and others. The study evaluated the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of a hydro-ethanolic extract of stem bark of Croton penduliflorus. Carrageenan-induced oedema model in chicks was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract. Total phenol content (TPC), DPPH radical scavenging and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) assays were used for assessment of antioxidant capacities. Agar well diffusion and micro-dilution methods were used to assess the antimicrobial activity of the extract. The extract caused a dose-dependent decrease (P<0.05) in foot oedema with the highest inhibition of 69.23 ±1.05% at a dose of 300 mg/kg whereas diclofenac and dexamethasone gave 92.46 ±1.15% and 89.77 ±0.95 at 100 mg/kg and 3 mg/kg body weight of the chicks respectively. The TPC and TAC were 1238 mg TAE/g and 362.33 mg AAE/g respectively. The MICs of the extracts ranged between 25-50 mg/ml for the test organisms. The hydro-ethanol extract of the stem bark of Croton penduliflorus shows considerable anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities.

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