Author(s):

Resal Raj, Mohd Tahir Awan, Khushaboo Kumari and Silvia Navis

Abstract: Gradual development of hyperglycemia, hyperlipideamea, insulin resistance, beta cell dysfunction, defects in GLUT4 translocation and insulin signaling receptors etc. lead to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus, T2DM. The parallel research focuses on glucose homeostasis is gluconeogenesis/glycogenesis, absorption of glucose by gut and re-absorption of glucose by kidney etc. Different medicinal plants have different phyto-molecules which can be used for the treatment of the above said defects/metabolic syndromes. The effect of some phyto-molecules used for the treatment of T2DM can be compared with the already existing drugs and the phyto-molecules may not have side effects. Extraction and use of suitable phyto-molecules in the form of crude drugs for the treatment of the above said defects/metabolic syndromes are now on the research focus and this review analyzes the various phyto-molecules involved in the treatment of these different defects/metabolic syndromes of T2DM. Formulation of crude drug containing effective phyto-molecules from poly-herbs to activate different pathways, to treat the metabolic syndromes and to increase the health of the islet cells is the need of the hour.

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