Author(s):

Reshma Bora, Aaradhana Chilwal, Santosh K Yadav and Ankita Negi

Abstract: In the year of 2017, a field experiment was conducted in kharif season, A2 Block of Norman E. Borlaug Crop Research Center (NEBCRC) of G.B.P.U.A&T. Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, (Uttarakhand) to evaluate the influence of balance fertilizer application in a long term on yield and yield attributing characters of rice (Oryza sativa L.). These treatments were a part of long-term fertility experiment since 1984. Nine treatments out of fourteen consisting different combination of N, P, K, Znf and FYM were tested in a Randomized Block Design with four replications. The variety sown was HKR 47. In the present study addition or deletion of nutrient or nutrient sources in the recommended fertilizer dose responded in an almost similar way in affecting yield over the period of 33 years. Reduction in nutrients sources in recommended dose of fertilizer led to 33-50% reduction in yield while addition of FYM led to 7% increase in rice grain yield. The grain yield over 33 years of experimentation revealed that highest production (6.10 t ha^-1) was obtained with the application of N₁₂₀P₄₀K₄₀+Znf+FYMr which was statistically at par with N₁₂₀P₄₀K₄₀+FYMr and N₁₂₀P₄₀K₄₀+Znf. This could be due to the additional supply of N, P, K and Zn with FYM applied @ 5 t ha^-1 since last many years that led to better fertility status resulting the good supply of nutrients. The increased yield of rice in FYM consisting treatment was however mainly due to increase in 1000-grain weight and of a lower number of unfilled spikelets compared to other treatments. The incomplete fertility treatments i.e. N₁₂₀, N₁₂₀K₄₀ had resulted in the maximum number of unfilled grains and lowest total spikelets per m^-results in yield reduction as compared to FYM added treatments. It suggested that FYM, that is known to add all type of nutrients in the soil and maintaining soil health in all respects i.e. biological, physical and chemical, was able to maintain the productivity and fertility status of soil over the years compared to a recommended dose of fertilizer in which 26% reduction was noticed.

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