Author(s):

Mukesh Kumar, Veena Chaudhary, Ujjwal Sirohi, Manoj Kumar Singh, Sunil Malik and RK Naresh

Abstract: The development and utilization of biochemical and molecular markers are becoming widely used in floricultural crops for varying purposes including genetic studies, qualitative as well as quantitative traits, genotype fingerprinting, phylogenetic studies and mapping populations. Various types of techniques are used to estimate genetic studies such as isozymes, allozymes, phyto-chemical and DNA markers like amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP), anchored microsatellite primed PCR (AMP-PCR), anchored simple sequence repeats (ASSR), arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (AP-PCR), cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS), DNA amplification fingerprinting (DAF), diversity arrays technology (DArT), expressed sequence tags (EST), inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR), inverse PCR (IPCR), inverse sequence tagged repeats (ISTR), microsatellite primed PCR (MPPCR), multiplexed allele-specific diagnostic assay (MASDA), random amplified microsatellite polymorphisms (RAMP), random amplified microsatellites (RAM), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), sequence characterized amplified regions (SCAR), sequence specific amplification polymorphisms (S-SAP), sequence tagged microsatellite site (STMS), sequence tagged site (STS), short tandem repeats (STR), simple sequence length polymorphism (SSLP), simple sequence repeats (SSR), single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), single primer amplification reactions (SPAR) and variable number tandem repeat (VNTR). Among these techniques, some techniques have been used in characterization of chrysanthemum. Today, new techniques are frequently being developed and no such techniques are ideal yet these fulfill all requirements needed by plant researchers. Each technique has its own advantages and limitations. In this review, we will discuss a basic description of different biochemical and molecular techniques that can be utilized for diversity analysis in chrysanthemum.

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