Author(s):

Saphan Ochieng Anode, Tesfamichael Abraha and Samsom Araya

Abstract: This research study was done to evaluate the inhibitory and bactericidal effects of phytochemical extracts of the aerial part of the Dodonaea angustifolia plant found in Eritrea highlands where it is commonly known as Tahses. Phytochemical extraction of leaf, bark and stem part of the plant was done with ethanol, methanol and diethyl ether using Soxhlet extraction method. Agar well diffusion was used to evaluate the diameter of inhibition of different concentration of plant extracts against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, Fusobacterium nucleatum and Capnocytophaga canimorsus. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) values were also determined, in addition to compare the results of the plant extracts with the results of the susceptibility of these pathogenic microorganisms against conventional antibiotics. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used with three replications. The bioassay MIC test result showed that there was no inhibition of bacterial growth by the leaf, bark and stem extracts of diethyl ether, ethanol and methanol of concentration of 2.5mg/ml, 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml against all the bacterial species tested. However higher concentration of these plant extracts of 20mg/ml, 30mg/ml, 40mg/ml and 50mg/ml showed significant inhibition in all the tested bacterial species. Diethyl ether extracts of the bark and leaves demonstrated more inhibitory effect against the tested microorganisms as compared to ethanolic and methanolic extracts of leaves, bark and stem of the plant. Isolation and screening of D. angustifolia phytochemicals and their clinical trials against oral and periodontal pathogens would be ideal in determining their efficacy and pharmacological activities.

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