Author(s):

Senankpon Martial Gnansounou, Samy Iskandar, Lydia Abou, Maxime Robin, Carole DI Giorgio, Edwige Dahouenon Ahoussi, Philippe Piccerelle and Dominique Koko Sonhounhloue

Abstract: Inflammation has been shown to be greatly involved in the degenerative processes of human skin such as photo aging and atopy. Reduction of low-grade inflammatory reactions by topical products may be necessary in case of skin aggression, to obtain an optimal wound healing and restore the physiological balance of human skin. Present work evaluated the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and phototoxic properties of ethanolic extracts from leaves and stem barks of Dialium guineense Willd., Parkia biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. Ex Benth. and Tamarindus indica L. The antioxidant power of the extracts, measured in vitro by the KRL method, showed that each gram of D. guineense bark extract, P. biglobosa leaves extract and T. indica bark and leaves extracts has an antioxidant capacity equivalent to 1585, 2092, 5071 and 2246 mg of Trolox respectively. Simultaneously with their actions on cell viability, the anti-inflammatory activity of the extracts was monitored measuring their effects on NO production by mouse macrophages submitted to LPS from E. coli to determine the anti-inflammatory ratio of each extract. The bark and leaves of D. guineense Willd., the leaves of P. biglobosa (Jacq.) R. Br. Ex Benth. and the bark of T. indica L. have anti-inflammatory ratios from 161 to 458.2, whereas Dexamethasone (positive control) has a ratio of 37.87. The in vitro 3T3 NRU test was used on mouse fibroblasts to determine the phototoxicity of the six extracts. Only D. guineense Willd. stem bark was photo-toxic with a photo-irritation factor greater than 5 (PIF = 8.39). Our study report some molecules such as lupeol, amaryn, sitosterol for the first time in the extracts and shows that the use of these plants in traditional medicine is justified.

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