Author(s):

B Vanlalneihi, Manoj Kumar, Lalrinchhani Chhangte and Anamika Gurung

Abstract: The compositions of ingested foods have relationships to positive but also adverse health effects, such as cardiovascular disorders, cancers, diabetes, hypertension and obesity. Vegetables are important components of the diet, supplying a multitude of health-related phytochemicals viz, vitamins (A, B₆, C, E, thiamine and niacin), phenolic compounds, carotenoids, alkaloids, flavanoids, minerals and dietary fiber. The current breeding trends addressed the feasibility of breaking down overall bioavailability into components such as anti nutrients and promoters. The QTL1 and QTL 2 of Brassica villosa is introgressed into Brassica oleracea var. italica for enhanced sulphoraphane. At AVRDC, the “Golden tomatoes” with 3 to 6 times higher‘β’ than standard types were developed. Spontaneous mutation of semi-dominant “Or” gene enhanced β’ carotene in cauliflower curd. The two transcription factors, Delila and Rosea1 from Antirrhinum majus accumulate high amounts of anthocyanin in tomato fruits. The transgenic potato possessed enriched carotenoids a result of lipoprotein–carotenoid sequestering structures at chromoplast. To pace the breeding process, molecular-marker-assisted selection, transformation, chromosome manipulations and generation of useful mutant alleles have been employed.

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