Author(s):

RP Singh, AK Singh, Mamta Singh and RK Singh

Abstract: Berseem (Egyptian clover) is popularly known as the king of annual leguminous fodder crop and cultivated as winter annuals in the tropical and subtropical regions on India. Berseem crop available for 6-7 month from November to May, give 4 to 6 cuts during winter, spring and early summer seasons and provides nutrition, succulent and palatable forage, milch animals yielding up to liters of milk can be maintained with a little supplement of concentrate mixture. Moreover, berseem has got a soil building characteristic and improves the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil resulting in better growth and yield of crops in rotation. Thus, the crop is very important from the view point of conservation framing and important and imparts sustainability to soil productivity and crop production system as a whole. There are many biotic constraints of berseem production including fungi, viruses and nematodes. These causative agents hamper crop establishment, impair forage quality and reduce green fodder and seed yield. Besides this, they also cause indirect losses, like nodule formation in legumes ultimatelyresultingto reduction of nitrogen fixation capacity. Diseases are produced toxins, adversely affecting the animal health, which sometimes can be fatal.

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