Author(s):

SV Yamgar, SV Pawar, VP Chimote, MP Deshmukh, GC Shinde and CA Nimbalkar

Abstract: Development of hybrids in Soybean is difficult because of its small delicate flower structure and there is no that much differences in degree dominance in soybean in F₁, F₂ and later generations due to very low frequency of out crossing, small genetic load. An attempt has been made to estimate the magnitude and direction of heterosis, residual heterosis and their specific combing ability for eight yield and yield contributing characters in F_1, F₂ and F₃ generations of four crosses in soybean. The experimental material consists of four rust resistant donor parents (JS 335 x SDP 10, JS 335 x SDP 18, JS 335 x SDP 30 and JS 335 x SDP 36 crossed with common female JS335 in line x tester manner. Resulting F₁, F₂ and F₃ generations of four crosses) along with parents were studied to evaluate mid parent (MPH), Better parent (BPH) heterosis and specific combing ability (SCA). The material was sown in randomized block design in three replications at Agriculture research station, Kasbe Digraj, Sangli, MPKV, Rahuri in summer 2019. The observations were recorded on eight quantitative characters. The analysis of data showed highly significant differences for all the traits under study. The obtained results showed that F₁ of JS335 x SDP 30 exhibited highest mid and better parent heterosis for days to flowering (-14.36%),days to maturity (-6.83%), primary branches per plant (32.20%), number of pods per plant (31.42,64.85%) and 100 seed weight (34.83, 20.92%). The cross JS335 x SDP18 expressed highest heterosis for plant height (25.08,21.21%), Cross JS335 x SDP10 exihibited for number of pods per cluster(18.37,16.0%) and yield per plant in JS335 x SDP36 (32.90, 41.57%). However, among the F₂ generations of four crosses, highest residual heterosis over mid and better- parent was recorded in JS335 x SDP18 for plant height (21.17,17.42%), number of primary branches per plant(16.40 % MPH),100 seed weight (21.81%) and yield per plant (37.09, 53.87%).The F₂ of JS335 x SDP10 exhibited residual heterosis for number of pod per cluster(14.03%MPH).The F₂ of JS335 x SDP 30 exhibited highest residual heterosis for number of pods per plant (22.72 and 53.93%) and 100 seed weight(20.61%MPH). In F₃ generations, high amount residual heterobeltosis was recorded in JS335 x SDP18 for plant height (19.22, 15.53%), Pod per plant (24.40% BPH), 100 seed weight (21.81%MPH) and yield per plant in JS335 x SDP30 (37.40%BPH).

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