Ngakegni-Limbili Adolphe Christian, Mabiala Yodel Franck, Mbaïhougadobé Séverin, Gouollalytsiba, Babouongolo Severe-Grebel and Ongoka Pascal Robin
In Africa, particularly in Congo-Brazzaville, plant dependencies play a very important role in the well-being and living environment of citizens; this is for example the case of Oncoba welwitschii (Oliv.) whose different parts are used for the treatment of certain pathologies. This study was conducted to identify the chemical families and evaluate the antioxidant activity of extracts of Oncoba welwitschii (Oliv.). Total phenols were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu's reagent and flavonoids using AlCl3. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH methods. Phytochemical screening of leaves, flowers, barks and roots revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes and sterols, coumarins, tannins, nitrogen compounds, polyphenols and sugar. The results of the flavonoids assay showed that the ethanolic extracts of the leaves are the richest in flavonoids (126.72±10.86mg EQ/g), than the extract of the flowers, barks and roots. The polyphenol content is highest in the bark (826.08±12.45 mg GAE/g), followed by the leaves (794.31±15.10 mg GAE/g). The results reveal that the flowers and barks are rich in terpene compounds and have greater antioxidant activity than the leaves, which have a higher content of flavonoids and polyphenols. The presence of these compounds in this plant could justify its use in traditional care.
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