Malaika Tahir, Muhammad Awais Arshad, Babur Ali Akbar, Aasma Bibi, Qurat Ul Ain, Ahmad Bilal, Sardar Muhammad Arqam, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Hassaan Ishtiaq, Haroon Ur Rasheed and Rida Pervaiz

This review critically examines the interplay between nitrogen management and irrigation techniques in enhancing the sustainability and productivity of wheat farming. Wheat, as a fundamental global staple, requires efficient management strategies due to its extensive cultivation under diverse environmental conditions. The optimal application of nitrogen is pivotal for improving grain yield and quality while preventing environmental impacts such as eutrophication and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper synthesizes findings from various studies highlighting that strategic nitrogen application can significantly boost plant growth and yield, particularly under water-limited conditions. However, excess nitrogen can lead to negative environmental consequences, necessitating balanced and precise application strategies. Equally important is the role of effective irrigation practices in wheat production. Innovative irrigation techniques, including deficit irrigation and tailored scheduling, are crucial in semi-arid regions where water scarcity is a persistent challenge. These methods help in maximizing water use efficiency (WUE) and adapting to variable rainfall patterns, thus ensuring crop productivity during critical growth phases. The review emphasizes the necessity of integrating nitrogen and water management to optimize wheat yield and sustainability. Such integration not only addresses the crop's physiological needs but also mitigates the adverse environmental impacts associated with agricultural inputs. The findings suggest that a coordinated approach, involving controlled nitrogen application and efficient irrigation, can lead to significant improvements in wheat productivity and resource use efficiency. This approach is particularly relevant in regions facing environmental constraints and aiming to enhance food security without compromising ecological balance.

DOI: 10.22271/phyto.2024.v13.i4c.15012

Pages: 209-222  |  212 Views  104 Downloads