Author(s):

Akhilesh Sah, Md. Naiyar Ali, DN Singh and MS Yadav

Abstract: A field experiment was conducted with objective to find out long term effect of combination of organic sources and inorganic fertilizer on growth, yield and economics under rice-wheat cropping system in Indo-Gangetic Plains. The highest plant height, number of tillers per square meter, length of panicle/earhead, weight of panicle/earhead and test weight of rice and wheat was recorded in treatment getting 50% N through FYM and 50% RDF through inorganic fertilizers and was significantly higher than rest of the treatments except T₇, T₈, T₁₀ and T_11, which were at par with each other. Data showed that substitution of either 50% or 25% N through organic sources had established superiority over the application of 100% recommended dose of fertilizers only in inorganic form. Treatment getting 50% N through FYM and 50% RDF through inorganic fertilizers produced significantly higher grain yield (5562, 4377 and 12185 kg/ha) of rice and wheat as well as rice equivalent yield, respectively. Treatment getting 50% N through FYM and 50% RDF through inorganic fertilizers recorded higher net returns and B: C ratio (Rs.36735, Rs. 49951, Rs. 86686, 1.02, 1.62 and 1.30 in rice, wheat and rice-wheat system, respectively). It may be summarized as organo-inorganic combination as integrated nutrient supply system is superior to use of inorganic fertilizers alone. Organic sources even in their moderate doses substituting only 25% of recommended N in the base crop of the cropping system, are capable of improving physical, chemical as well as biological properties of soil up to a considerable extent. Substitution of 50% N either through FYM or wheat straw or green manuring+50% RDF through inorganic fertilizers in rice followed by 100% RDF through inorganic fertilizers in wheat is the best mechanism for raising crop productivity.

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